source : http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/oil-drilling-derrick.gif
1. The Power System
Generates and
distributes the primary power required to operate almost all other component
systems and their sub-components in a modern rotary drilling complex.
A drilling rig cannot
operate without power. The primary function of the power system is to support all
of the other systems by providing a source for the energy required to perform
their operations. The most common source of power comes from internal-combustion
engines. Theses engines, or prime movers, are normally fuelled by diesel.
2. The Rotating
System
Rotates the drilling
string and makes the bit drill a subsurface hole, called a “well bore” until it
penetrates a potentially productive formation below.
The rotating system
is one of the most important components in the rig. Its primary function is to rotates
the drilling string and makes the bit drill a subsurface hole.
The
rotating system has three major sub-components:
1.
The rotary table and / or top drive assembly.
2.
The drilling string (drill pipe, heavy weight drill pipe, drill collar, stabilizer, crossover sub, etc.)
3. The bit.
3. The Hoisting
System
Supports the rotating
system in “drilling the well” by providing the appropriate equipment and working
areas needed for lifting, lowering and suspending the tremendous weights
required by the rotating system.
4. The Circulating
System
Supports the rotating
system by proving the equipment, material and working areas to prepare, maintain
and revise the drilling fluid (mud).
5. The Blowout
Prevention System (BOP)
Helps to control one
of the major problems that may be encountered when drilling a well – a “kick” which
may develop into a blowout.
